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In-depth analysis

July 29, 2025

In our Annual Energy Outlook 2025 (AEO2025), we project regional differences in natural gas markets will encourage increased natural gas flows from the mid-Atlantic to the southern Gulf Coast in the coming decades. Across the cases we explored, we project production from the Appalachian Basin in the mid-Atlantic and Ohio region will increasingly meet growing demand on the Gulf Coast in the South Central region, driven largely by increasing liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports. The economics of increased production in the Appalachian Basin are more favorable by 2030, and our model shows natural gas transiting through the Eastern Midwest region on the way to the Gulf Coast.

We froze assumptions for AEO2025 in December 2024, and we did not include market changes, recently passed legislation, regulations, executive actions, or court rulings after

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Researchers are exploring AI-powered digital twins as a game-changing tool to accelerate the clean energy transition. These digital models simulate and optimize real-world energy systems like wind, solar, geothermal, hydro, and biomass. But while they hold immense promise for improving efficiency and sustainability, the technology is still riddled with challenges—from environmental variability and degraded equipment modeling to data scarcity and complex biological processes.

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On July 10, 2025, NSF issued an Important Notice providing updates to the agency’s research security policies, including a research security training requirement, Malign Foreign Talent Recruitment Program annual certification requirement, prohibition on Confucius institutes and an updated FFDR reporting and submission timeline.

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Scientists have cracked open a mysterious layer inside batteries, using cutting-edge 3D atomic force microscopy to capture the dynamic molecular structures at their solid-liquid interfaces. These once-invisible electrical double layers (EDLs) twist, break, and reform in response to surface irregularities phenomena never seen before in real-world battery systems. The findings don t just refine our understanding of how batteries work at the microscopic level they could fundamentally change how we build and design next-generation energy storage.

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