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Synopsis

NSF is committed to securing the nation’s research enterprise as part of its core mission. The Research on Research Security (RoRS) program will advance the understanding of the full scope, potential, challenges, and nature of the research on research security field through scholarly evidence.

Background

The following activities provide background and context for developing proposals to submit to the RoRS program.

Program Description

Collectively, the research that RoRS funds will foster a broad community that builds collaborations between the STEM research community, research security researchers, and research security practitioners. Interdisciplinary approaches are encouraged, and proposers should address how they will leverage the range of expertise, theories, and methods of the team to engage in evidence-based research on research security. Proposers are encouraged to identify collaborators across a wide range of sectors, and to consider projects in collaboration with international partners that share U.S.

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In-brief analysis

October 10, 2025

An increasing share of U.S. households are using electricity for heating, although natural gas remains the most common heating fuel. In 2024, 42% of U.S. households reported that electricity was their main space heating fuel, according to annual estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey. Natural gas was the main heating fuel in 47% of homes last year, a decline from 49% in 2010.

Evolving trends in home heating fuels reflect shifts in housing populations, changes in technology and policy, and decisions by households and home builders. The center of American population continues to generally move west and south, from areas with colder weather to areas with warmer weather. As that population has shifted, overall demand for space heating has declined.

Data from our Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS)

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Researchers at Columbia have created a chip that turns a single laser into a “frequency comb,” producing dozens of powerful light channels at once. Using a special locking mechanism to clean messy laser light, the team achieved lab-grade precision on a small silicon device. This could drastically improve data center efficiency and fuel innovations in sensing, quantum tech, and LiDAR.

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