Understanding Exposure Risks

Published: 10 August 2022

Learning about how COVID-19 spreads and the factors that can increase or decrease that risk can help you make informed choices.

The questions below are written in past tense to help you assess the likelihood that you were infected when you were around a person with COVID-19. If multiple factors below indicate higher transmission risk, you should follow the steps for what to do if you are exposed.

You can also ask yourself the same questions, but about future interactions with others, to help you decide what prevention actions to take. If multiple factors below indicate higher transmission risk, you should consider adding more prevention actions.

COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations for Children and Teens

Published: 5 April 2022

Pfizer-BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines are authorized or approved for:

6 months–4 years old: 3-dose primary series 5–17 years old: 2-dose primary series Moderna

Moderna COVID-19 vaccines are authorized for:

6 months–17 years old: 2-dose primary series J&J/Janssen

J&J/Janssen COVID-19 vaccines are NOT authorized for children and teens 17 years and under

Resilience Corner: Don’t design for threats, design for surprise

Published: 9 September 2019
Categories: REI Blog

First published here.

Resilience is a “new” term creeping into military directives, but what does it mean and how do we use it to guide decisions? In the previous resilience corner, we discussed how resilience should be differentiated from established notions of risk as the two concepts are fundamentally different. Resilience is more like a verb than a noun, and resilient military systems should be designed to handle any possible problem instead of only pre-defined threat scenarios. But how do we start approaching this problem of resilient design when we cannot define specific threats?

In a recent article published in the journal Risk Analysis, we answered this question by relying on military theories of surprise (Eisenberg et al. 2019).

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Think of Resilience as a Verb, Not a Noun

Published: 3 September 2019
Categories: REI Blog

Dan Eisenberg, PhD
Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California

First published here.

Resilience is a “new” term creeping into military directives, but what does it mean and how do we use it to guide decisions? Part of the reason that resilience is so difficult to apply is that the word itself occupies an awkward position in the English language. Although resilience is used as a noun, the most popular definitions describe it as a capacity to act – which makes resilience an action that systems perform, like a verb, rather than a property that a system has, like a noun. There is a historical precedent to this way of thinking [1], as the word resilience originates from the Latin word resilio, “to leap” or “bounce,” and first entered the English language in the 1500s as the verb resile, meaning, “to retract”, “to cancel”, or “to return to a former position.” Thinking of resilience as it was originally used – as a verb – has important implications for how we make military installations and operations more resilient.

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