RSS feed source: US Energy Information Administration

In-brief analysis

September 9, 2025

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics database; The Energy Institute’s 2025 Statistical Review of World Energy
Note: The natural gas balance estimate is calculated by subtracting each country’s annual natural gas consumption from its respective annual natural gas production.

In August 2025, Egyptian firm Blue Ocean Energy struck a $35 billion deal with partners in the Chevron-operated Leviathan field offshore of Israel to import more natural gas from Israel, the latest move by Egypt to meet natural gas demand that is outpacing domestic production. In our latest update to the Eastern Mediterranean Energy briefing, we discuss the drivers behind Egypt’s dwindling natural gas supply and analyze the natural gas dynamics in the region.

We estimate a country’s implied natural gas balance by subtracting domestic natural gas consumption from

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RSS feed source: US Energy Information Administration

In December 1947, three physicists at Bell Telephone Laboratories—John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain—built a compact electronic device using thin gold wires and a piece of germanium, a material known as a semiconductor. Their invention, later named the transistor (for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1956), could amplify and switch electrical signals, marking a dramatic departure from the bulky and fragile vacuum tubes that had powered electronics until then.

Its inventors weren’t chasing a specific product. They were asking fundamental questions about how electrons behave in semiconductors, experimenting with surface states and electron mobility in germanium crystals. Over months of trial and refinement, they combined theoretical insights from quantum mechanics with hands-on experimentation in solid-state physics—work many might have dismissed as too basic, academic, or unprofitable.

Their efforts culminated in a moment that now marks the dawn of the information

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